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Compare Tromelin Island (2005) - Central African Republic (2001)

Compare Tromelin Island (2005) z Central African Republic (2001)

 Tromelin Island (2005)Central African Republic (2001)
 Tromelin IslandCentral African Republic
Administrative divisions - 14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture), 2 economic prefectures* (prefectures economiques, singular - prefecture economique), and 1 commune**; Bamingui-Bangoran, Bangui**, Basse-Kotto, Gribingui*, Haute-Kotto, Haute-Sangha, Haut-Mbomou, Kemo-Gribingui, Lobaye, Mbomou, Nana-Mambere, Ombella-Mpoko, Ouaka, Ouham, Ouham-Pende, Sangha*, Vakaga
Age structure - 0-14 years:
43.23% (male 778,885; female 767,414)

15-64 years:
53% (male 929,717; female 965,947)

65 years and over:
3.77% (male 59,364; female 75,557) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - cotton, coffee, tobacco, manioc (tapioca), yams, millet, corn, bananas; timber
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 52 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 total:
49

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
23

under 914 m:
15 (2000 est.)
Area total: 1 sq km


land: 1 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
622,984 sq km

land:
622,984 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Texas
Background First explored by the French in 1776, the island came under the jurisdiction of Reunion in 1814. At present, it serves as a sea turtle sanctuary and is the site of an important meteorological station. The former French colony of Ubangi-Shari became the Central African Republic upon independence in 1960. After three tumultuous decades of misrule - mostly by military governments - a civilian government was installed in 1993.
Birth rate - 37.05 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$638 million

expenditures:
$1.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $888 million (1994 est.)
Capital - Bangui
Climate tropical tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers
Coastline 3.7 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution - passed by referendum 29 December 1994; adopted 7 January 1995
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Tromelin Island


local long form: none


local short form: Ile Tromelin		 conventional long form:
Central African Republic

conventional short form:
none

local long form:
Republique Centrafricaine

local short form:
none

former:
Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire

abbreviation:
CAR
Currency - Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate - 18.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $790 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status possession of France; administered by the Administrateur Superieur of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands -
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission:
Ambassador Robert C. PERRY

embassy:
Avenue David Dacko, Bangui

mailing address:
B. P. 924, Bangui

telephone:
[236] 61 02 00

FAX:
[236] 61 44 94
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission:
Ambassador Emmanuel TOUABOY

chancery:
1618 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 483-7800

FAX:
[1] (202) 332-9893
Disputes - international claimed by Mauritius none
Economic aid - recipient - $172.2 million (1995); note - traditional budget subsidies from France
Economy - overview no economic activity Subsistence agriculture, together with forestry, remains the backbone of the economy of the Central African Republic (CAR), with more than 70% of the population living in outlying areas. The agricultural sector generates half of GDP. Timber has accounted for about 16% of export earnings and the diamond industry for nearly 54%. Important constraints to economic development include the CAR's landlocked position, a poor transportation system, a largely unskilled work force, and a legacy of misdirected macroeconomic policies. The 50% devaluation of the currencies of 14 Francophone African nations on 12 January 1994 had mixed effects on the CAR's economy. Diamond, timber, coffee, and cotton exports increased, leading an estimated rise of GDP of 7% in 1994 and nearly 5% in 1995. Military rebellions and social unrest in 1996 were accompanied by widespread destruction of property and a drop in GDP of 2%. The IMF approved an Extended Structure Adjustment Facility in 1998 and the World Bank extended further credits in 1999 and approved a $10 million loan in early 2001. The government has set targets of 3.5% GDP growth in 2001 and 2002. As of January 2001, many civil servants were owed as much as 30 months pay, leading them to go on strike and further damaging the economy.
Electricity - consumption - 94.9 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 102 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
20.59%

hydro:
79.41%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 7 m		 lowest point:
Oubangui River 335 m

highest point:
Mont Ngaoui 1,420 m
Environment - current issues NA tap water is not potable; poaching has diminished its reputation as one of the last great wildlife refuges; desertification; deforestation
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 94

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups - Baya 34%, Banda 27%, Sara 10%, Mandjia 21%, Mboum 4%, M'Baka 4%, Europeans 6,500 (including 1,500 French)
Exchange rates - Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XAF per euro
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Ange-Felix PATASSE (since 22 October 1993)

head of government:
Prime Minister Martin ZIGUELE (since 1 April 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 19 September 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Ange-Felix PATASSE reelected president; percent of vote - Ange-Felix PATASSE 51.63%, Andre KOLINGBA 19.38%, David DACKO 11.15%
Exports - $166 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities - diamonds, timber, cotton, coffee, tobacco
Exports - partners - Benelux 64%, Cote d'Ivoire, Spain, China, Egypt, France (1999)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used four equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, green, and yellow with a vertical red band in center; there is a yellow five-pointed star on the hoist side of the blue band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $6.1 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
53%

industry:
20%

services:
27% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 15 52 S, 54 25 E 7 00 N, 21 00 E
Geography - note climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises) landlocked; almost the precise center of Africa
Highways - total:
23,810 km

paved:
429 km

unpaved:
23,381 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
0.7%

highest 10%:
47.7% (1993)
Imports - $154 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities - food, textiles, petroleum products, machinery, electrical equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, industrial products
Imports - partners - France 35%, Cameroon 13%, Benelux, Cote d'Ivoire, Germany, Japan (1999)
Independence - 13 August 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - diamond mining, sawmills, breweries, textiles, footwear, assembly of bicycles and motorcycles
Infant mortality rate - 105.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 3% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CCC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC (observer), OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court (all judges appointed by the president); Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts
Labor force - NA
Land boundaries 0 km total:
5,203 km

border countries:
Cameroon 797 km, Chad 1,197 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 467 km, Sudan 1,165 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (grasses; scattered bushes) (2001)		 arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
75%

other:
17% (1993 est.)
Languages - French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply based on French law
Legislative branch - unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (109 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; note - there were 85 seats in the National Assembly before the 1998 election)

elections:
last held 22-23 November and 13 December 1998 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - MLPC 43%, RDC 18%, MDD 9%, FPP 6%, PSD 5%, ADP 4%, PUN 3%, FODEM 2%, PLD 2%, UPR 1%, FC 1%, independents 6%; seats by party - MLPC 47, RDC 20, MDD 8, FPP 7, PSD 6, ADP 5, PUN 3, FODEM 2, PLD 2, UPR 1, FC 1, independents 7

note:
the National Assembly is advised by the Economic and Regional Council or Conseil Economique et Regional; when they sit together they are called the Congress or Congres
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
43.8 years

male:
42.17 years

female:
45.48 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
60%

male:
68.5%

female:
52.4% (1995 est.)
Location Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar Central Africa, north of Democratic Republic of the Congo
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 none (landlocked)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches - Central African Armed Forces (includes Army, Air Force, Presidential Guard, National Gendarmerie, Police Force)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $29 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 2.2% (FY96)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
824,139 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
430,922 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Republic Day, 1 December (1958)
Nationality - noun:
Central African(s)

adjective:
Central African
Natural hazards NA hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common
Natural resources fish diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, oil, hydropower
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP [Francois PEHOUA]; Central African Democratic Assembly or RDC [Andre KOLINGBA]; Civic Forum or FC [Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA]; Democratic Forum or FODEM [Charles MASSI]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Nestor KOMBO-NAGUEMON]; Movement for Democracy and Development or MDD [David DACKO]; Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People or MLPC [the party of the president, Ange-Felix PATASSE]; Patriotic Front for Progress or FPP [Abel GOUMBA]; People's Union for the Republic or UPR [leader NA]; National Unity Party or PUN [Jean-Paul NGOUPANDE]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population uninhabited, except for visits by scientists (July 2005 est.) 3,576,884

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.85% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Bangui, Nola
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios - 283,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - indigenous beliefs 24%, Protestant 25%, Roman Catholic 25%, Muslim 15%, other 11%

note:
animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence the Christian majority
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.79 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
fair system

domestic:
network consists principally of microwave radio relay and low-capacity, low-powered radiotelephone communication

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 10,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 570 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - NA
Terrain low, flat, and sandy; likely volcanic vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau; scattered hills in northeast and southwest
Total fertility rate - 4.86 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 6% (1993)
Waterways - 900 km

note:
traditional trade carried on by means of shallow-draft dugouts; Oubangui is the most important river, navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m or less; 282 km navigable to craft drawing as much as 1.8 m
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